Strategys Against Cancer - 1523 Words

Cancer is one of the main leading causes of deaths worldwide. The reason for this is due to the poor results of the conventional chemotherapy. The primary cause of this is owing to the lack of selectivity of these drugs. Low molecular weight drugs can enter all types of cells by random diffusion, hence they not only attack tumor cells but they also attack healthy cells with the same potency resulting in severe toxicity. Hence, scientists need to develop strategies to selectively target drugs to tumor cells, to prevent the toxic side effects. One of the most effective strategies to overcome this problem is to exploit the anatomical and pathophysiological abnormalities of tumor tissues such as the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect for anticancer drug delivery. EPR effect is basically the gradual accumulation and retention of certain size molecules (such as nanoparticles, liposomes and macromolecular drugs) in tumor tissues. 2. EPR Effect When tumor cells proliferate and reach the size of 2mm3, the cells go into a state of hypoxia as the current vasculature fails to provide sufficient oxygen supply. As a result of this, cells start to die and secrete various growth factors that cause the formation of new blood vessels from the existing ones. This process is known as angiogenesis. The new blood vessels formed are irregular in shape and are defective. They have discontinuous epithelium with large fenestrations ranging from 200-2000 nm depending on the tumor typeShow MoreRelatedA Clear Flow Diagram Of The Trial1627 Words   |  7 Pageswritten material. Both groups were given the same questionnaire. There was recognition that patients’ perceptions of their own risk were influential in changing behavior (Rat et al, 2014). This study had strength in comparing new and conventional strategies rather than only a before and after comparisons, which is thought to lead to higher level of evidence (Rat, et al. 2014). Another positive study feature identified that testing was done in a primary care setting, showing that implementation is possibleRead MoreThe Business Objectives that Are Used in HP and Cancer Research1729 Words   |  7 Pagesused in HP and Cancer Research. The business objectives that are used in HP are growth objectives one of the vital objective is Profit; when I went opened the HP archive pdf file I found this objective. ‘To achieve sufficient profit to finance our company growth and to provide the resources we need to achieve our other corporate objectives’. From this objective HP most vial objective is profit as The Marketing Techniques used in HP are Growth strategies. Growth strategies are Strategy aimed at winningRead More1)With Reference To Your Own Organisation, Explai n How1720 Words   |  7 Pages1) With reference to your own organisation, explain how Porter s Five Forces theory might apply to the industry that it works within. 2) Making use of the Generic Strategies framework (Porter), describe which approach most closely aligns to you own organisation, and suggest how and why they have pursued this, with reference to examples where appropriate. Porter’s Five forces 1. Introduction: Porter’s five forces Porter describes the five forces analysis as a market analysis tool toRead MoreCase Study Of Gavi s Hpv Vaccine Support Program Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesPapillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted DNA virus that can lead to cervical cancer, is the most common cancer among women in developing regions. More than 270,000 women die per year from cervical cancer globally, and 85% of those deaths occur in developing countries. In the past, many low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) have been unable to afford the implementation of HPV vaccination programs, resulting in high cervical cancer mortality rates. Gavi, an organization created to improve worldwide accessRead MoreThe Emperor Of All Maladies Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Emperor of All Maladies (A biography of cancer), written by Siddhartha Mukherjee Introduction â€Å"The Emperor of All Maladies† captured the whole essence of cancer. This book gave a very good narrative of the historical record of cancer, the scientists and important public figures who contributed to the fight against a disease that has so much caused despair, pain, disfiguring of the body and worst of all, death. Cancer is seen as the abnormal growth of cells. A normal cell becomes cancerous whenRead MoreThe Success Of Early Invention Programs1627 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer toward the female gender within Australia today (AIHW 2016. This essay will analyse the success of early invention programs in relation to breast cancer, and will advocate strategies to help strengthen community actions and develop personal skills to improve the health outcomes for community members, especially those at greater risk. Early invention programs for breast cancer focus on Mammograms, pap tests, and clinical breast examinations, inRead MoreSynthetic Muc1 Based Anticancer Vaccines1428 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant contribution to the development of a tri-component cancer vaccine. The three component vaccines are composed of a tumor-associated carbohydrate B-cell epitope, a promiscuous peptide helper T-cell (Th) epitope and an immune modulator like a TLR ligand. This three-component vaccine strategy is advantageous over other traditional approaches as it consists of a minimum number of subunits required to elicit an immune respons e against a carbohydrate antigen and circumvents immune suppression causedRead MoreA New York Times Op Ed Article1443 Words   |  6 PagesTimes op-ed article on May 14, 2013 revealed that Angelina Jolie underwent a double mastectomy (Jolie). She did not have cancer. What would prompt a healthy individual to perform such drastic and disfiguring surgery if her life were not in danger? It turns out that she carries a breast cancer gene mutation, BRCA1, which increases the chances of developing breast and ovarian cancer. The availability of genetic testing has caused prophylactic double mastectomy rates to increase dramatically. CelebritiesRead MoreTypes Of The Immune System1445 Words   |  6 Pageshuman cancer. Despite providing variably effective treatments in many cases, they are still hindered by the risk of cancer recurrence due to acquired chemo- or radio-resistance properties of some tumor cells especially tumor initiating cells [1, 2]. Recent advances in our understanding of immune system and its role in attacking tumor cells have expedited tumor control in the battle against cancer through activating immune responses [3]. Therefore, an emerging strategy in the treatment of cancers involvesRead MoreThe Importance Of Funding For Increase For Cancer Research1596 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2017, there were an estimated 1,688,780 cancer cases diagnosed and 600,920 cancer deaths for both genders (â€Å"Cancer Facts Figures† Table 1). An increase of funding could eliminate the number of cases and deaths each year in the United States. Considering that over the years funding has decreased dramatically, any type of increase would be better than nothing. According to Frank Lalli, in the past 15 years â€Å"the National Institutes of Health budget has been cut by 15.5% after inflation. This has

Concealed Carry on College Campuses Free Essays

The debate concerning the laws of concealed carry on college campuses has been going strong since the Virginia Tech tragedy on April 16, 2007. Concealed carry should be allowed on college campuses. On one side, people oppose the right of concealed carry on campus stating reasons such as this one presented by Concealed Campus, â€Å"It’s unlikely that allowing concealed carry on college campuses could help prevent a Virginia Tech-style massacre because most college students are too young to obtain a concealed handgun license,† (Common). We will write a custom essay sample on Concealed Carry on College Campuses or any similar topic only for you Order Now That statement is incorrect and quite misleading. Nineteen of the thirty-two victims of the Virginia Tech tragedy were of or over the age of twenty-one† which is the minimum age to receive a concealed weapons permit in most states (Common). Another common argument against concealed carry on campuses is, â€Å"Life on college campuses often involves some drug use and alcohol consumption that could impair the judgment of a law-abiding gun owner,† posted by The Warrior (Umpir). However, each state that gives concealed weapons permits has laws prohibiting license holders from carrying while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Anyone who knows anything about guns would know this. Allowing concealed carry on college campuses should not only be allowed, but encouraged. Between 2001 and 2003 there were 10,472 cases of aggravated assaults on campuses across the US as presented by the U. S. Department of Education (Criminal). These large numbers could very well be prevented in the future if concealed carry is allowed on college campuses. Part of American citizens’ civil rights, as guaranteed by the US Constitution in the second amendment, is to keep and bear arms. The second amendment stating â€Å"As passed by the Congress: A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. † This has been a long standing principle and all states have laws for concealed weapons, some stricter than others, but all in some way may advocate for it. The National Conference of State Legislatures posted in August 2012, â€Å"Recent court cases have also overturned some †¦ system wide bans of concealed carry on state college and university campuses. In March 2012, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled that the University of Colorado’s policy banning guns from campus violates the state’s concealed carry law, and in 2011 the Oregon Court of Appeals overturned the Oregon University System’s ban of guns on campuses †¦ it was ruled that state law dictates only the legislature can regulate the use, sale and possession of firearms†¦,† (Guns). This supports the arguments for concealed carry on campus by showing the Supreme Court’s support for long standing laws. Concealed carry on campus would do well for the common good. In having a concealed weapon, others may become uneasy. However, if the lisecense holder is responsible and caring, they could actually make others feel at ease knowing that a responsible US citizen could protect them in an emergency. To advocate for my position, I have joined the group â€Å"Students for Concealed Carry† at www. Concealedcampus. com. The group has given me the information to write to my state elected officials to encourage concealed weapons on college campuses, which I have done. Works Cited â€Å"Common Arguments Agaisnt Campus Carry. † Concealed Campus. Students for Concealed Carry, 2011. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. http://concealedcampus. rg/common-arguments/. â€Å"Criminal Offensess – Aggravated Assault. † Ed. gov. N. p. , n. d. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. http://www2. ed. gov/admins/lead/safety/crime/criminaloffenses/edlite-assault. html. â€Å"Guns on Campus. † NCSL. National Conference of State Legislatures, Aug. 2012. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. http://www. ncsl. org/issues-research/educ/guns-on-campus-o verview. aspx. Umpir, Evan. â€Å"Against Concealed Carry on Campus. † The Warrior. N. p. , 03 Nov. 2011. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. http://www. thewarrior. org/2011/11/03/against-concealed-carry-on-campus/. How to cite Concealed Carry on College Campuses, Essay examples

Rise and Fall of Nokia

Question: Discuss about the Rise and Fall of Nokia. Answer: Introduction: In future I aim at being a highly proficient marketer. In my understanding, marketing is the buying of products in every store we visit, in this way every media message and decision got in devouring the item has been molded in view of the powers of promoting. Henceforth, promoting could be named as an administration procedure that is dependable in the recognizable proof, foresight and fulfillment of clients' prerequisites for benefits purposes. People tend to assume that marketing is all about selling and advertising, but thats not the case (Kerin, 2006). Hence, in greater context marketing is a management discipline which ensures producers of goods and services can effectively interpret the consumers desires and match, at times they may exceed them. In this case, perhaps we could critically evaluate what it means to be a professional marketer. The promoting strategy is essential to the business execution of associations, both considerable and little, since it addresses the most imperative parts of the market. It is about perception the forceful business focus and promising you can exploit key examples, accomplishing buyers with the right thing at the right esteem, place and time. Sharp elevating has provoked to various late business cases of defeating affliction - from pharmaceuticals to air ships, sports brands to sustenance and drink, business-to-business associations to nearly nothing, strength players (DePamphilis, 2015). On the other hand, history advises us that without legitimate promoting, you can't draw near to clients and fulfill their requirements and in the event that you can't, a contender most likely will. Getting close has turned out to be more vital than any other time in recent memory as computerized and portable innovation make advances into all parts of life. This upheaval has likewise given new instruments to make promoting more focused on, applicable and compelling. Today, as focused weights increment, advertising aptitudes have never been all the more profoundly esteemed. What was once observed as a departmental action is currently viewed as a bleeding edge business disposition for all workers (Steinbock, 2003). The experts who shape and execute marketing procedure contribute straightforwardly to the economy. Their aptitudes draw in and hold clients, manufacture deals and increment benefits creating riches for all. Marketing has become a trending factor such that many organizations especially small organizations are marketing without their realization. Now and again, you won't not publicize your administrations, but rather you most likely do endeavor to know your clients well. Your impulses let you know that making sense of what each client needs, and meeting those desires, will keep you in business. You realize that you have to enhance and augment existing items, and now and again grow new ones. Hence, if the definitions fit then you are known to have effectively marketed your products (Kotler, 2000). Therefore, the application of simple marketing framework in any organization tend to have a great significance, this is because of its ability to plan activities in advance, identify what works and effectively use them to boost your sales. Therefore, based on the above discussion in future as a marketer getting putting these to practice increases the proficiency in my ability as a marketer. Nokia addresses the level of social affair industry of Finland in the IT district. Two or three sorts of Nokia adaptable helped Nokia to open up the market. Back to the past circumstances, when Motorola is known as versatile hoodlum, Nokia displayed a sensible sound, keen appearance, with sweeping level of screen and exploring content menu cell phone, which had uncommon courses of action, in the interim entire world reviewed the name "NOKIA". Background and Problem definition From 1992, Nokia demonstrated their first GSM flexible 1011, till 1996 the 6110 technique out which finished persisting rich supply. By then in 19998 the world's first metal surface phone N8810 is out. The creation measure of Nokia's mobile phone had completed 1 billion, outmaneuvered Motorola, and changed into world's most basic PDA shipper. Around an equivalent time, Nokia as the essential creator to surely understood the changing case speculation with the world. This develop theory, made substitution contraptions changed into an eye-getting cleaned use thing, and this period is attested "Nokia 5100". Near to this, Nokia additionally made other world's "first", for example, displayed first PDA which contain beguilements, demonstrated first remote which reinforce WAP, in like way pushed world's first slide PDA thus on Till 2002, in the midst of this present year, Nokia released 7650, the guideline shading screen phone, the key PDA, first phone contain camera, this progress has subve rted wireless' standard imagine. In 2005, Nokia has changed the name of its period (Redhead, 2006). From the numbers to N course of action, showed N90, N91, and N70, this 3 Nokia moved cell are all around in light of Symbian S60 system, and was so conspicuous in the market. Starting 2007 after the area of iPhone, Nokia PDAs like Nokia N95 with Symbian OS beat the iPhone and had a decision 62.5% bit of the general business in Q4 of 2007 going before Microsoft's Windows versatile OS and RIM's BlackBerry. As the restriction persuaded the chance to be savage in 2008, Apple's iPhone 3G hit the market which started the climbing of the new kind of mobile phone inside the cellphone space. As Nokia felt undermined, Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo CEO of Nokia, had a go at everything in his significance to handle this new hazard yet Nokia's pie was being gotten away all around requested (Rothacher, 2004). Notwithstanding, when the iPhone third Generation phones hit the market with the new refined iOS working structure it immediately replicated the bit of the general business for Apple and reduced the Nokia's yield along to others. Nokia was still the market pioneer with a 40.8% bit of the pie in Q4 2008 with its new phone like Nokia 5800 Xpress music and Nokia E71 yet was d eclining. In 2008, Nokia picked up the Symbian working structure and the following year made it open source so that more applications could be made for Symbian working system. Incidentally, this improvement couldn't turn the fortunes of Nokia as in 2009 their bit of the pie of Symbian tumbled to 46.1% in Q4 2009 from 52.4% in Q4 2008. Regardless, in 2010 everything started to go into debilitation for Nokia as Google with its Android working structure close to Apple with the iOS started to eat into Nokia's business, and the other Symbian makers including Samsung and Sony Ericsson took up Android as their new working system (Tischer, 2012). In mid-2010, Nokia was the standard OEM to make contraptions with the Symbian OS while they were thinking about to adapt to extra cutting edge Operating Systems. The statement of problem under this study is to understand the reasons and challenges that led to failure of Nokia in the international industrial market land, as well as knowing the satisfaction levels of Nokia mobiles among people. Hence, this study tries to figure out the problems and issues relation to failure and preference levels of buyers of Nokia mobiles. As a marketer my contribution to this projects will be trying to develop effective strategies that could accurately fit Nokia marketing of their products (phones and accessories). Aim and objectives Try to understand the reason behind failure of Nokia smartphones Make an evaluation of the preference levels of Nokia mobile among consumers Figure out the issues and problems relating to the failure and downfall of Nokia mobiles. Research questions What are the reasons behind the fall of Nokia phones? Might the strategies undertaken by Nokia be the reason behind their fall? Was their marketing strategy reason behind the fall of the firm? Current Research The demand for smartphones phones is differed, along these lines the economy expect a key part with respect to efficiency for the phone and versatile industry. The late money related downturn has unmistakably impacted all players in the business and a couple have been constrained to exit (Fellman, 2008). The writing audit will along these lines consider advanced cell research and state of mind research for the most part and will quickly survey explore on PDA and its disappointment on guideline to change racial dispositions before inspecting the particular writing to create mentality change with respect to race relations. Sharma (2016) perceives that In 1992 Nokia was an aggregate. It was development driven and imaginative as far as finding new development openings, yet it had no genuine concentration, a low level of RD, and no substantial wagers on new innovation, it was centered around the Nordic nations It had an extremely solid, sound building society. Nokia was likewise considered to have a profoundly entrepreneurial and inventive soul and was generally perceived for the capacity to rebuild corporate structure and center when new opportunities came (Laamanen et al, 2016). Martin et al (2013) tends to argues that gadgets alone are insufficient anymore, buyers need an entire ordeal. Meaning that Nokia should have effectively considered this in their strategic plans. Proposed data collection and analysis approaches This research will focus on secondary method of data collection. Normally, existing writing concentrates on one specific issue at the time, e.g. organizations surviving business sector interruptions, way reliance, fabricating the dynamic capacities and so on. Investigating one marvel is lacking for a legitimate hypothesis building, along these lines it is significant to bolster the contentions with a current writing (Eisenhardt, 1989). With a specific end goal to have an exhaustive investigation of the issues in question, a solitary hypothesis approach is not adequate. This study requires a breakdown of a few speculations from unmistakable fields to clarify a complex basic leadership and vital administration under unpredictable conditions. In this way, the hypothesis talked about above raises a test to locate the observational proof that bolster every one of the speculations inside a solitary case. Therefore, A multi-hypothesis approach has been picked keeping in mind the end goal to get the hypothetical gauge for this to a great degree complex case. In terms of analyzing our research, through the use of available secondary resources. We will consider the results pertained to secondary sources. Hence, after making an analysis of this it would become easier to develop an effective argument about the reasons behind the fall of Nokia, as well as providing recommendations of what steps they could have taken. Milestones and schedule (Gantts Chart) Task name Duration Nov 2016 Dec 2016 Jan 2016 Feb 2016 March 2016 3W 4W 1W 2W 3W 4W 1W 2W 3W 4W 1W 2W 3W 4W 1W 2W Preparation 2 weeks Specification 2 weeks Planning 2 weeks Detail design 2 weeks Development 3 weeks Test plan 2 weeks Documentation 1 weeks Conclusion The overall aim of conducting this research is trying to understand the reasons as to why Nokia a giant mobile company fell. In this case, our focus in providing an in-depth analysis behind such events occurring. Therefore, after identifying the reasons behind the fall, we try and investigate recommendations that may suit the firms operations and become effective once again. The criteria of making decisions includes the use of marketing strategies as a method of solving the fall of Nokia. This should be regarded as the significant part of myself as a marketer through the recommendations that I will be making. References Kotler, P. (2000).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall. Kerin, R. A. (2006).Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. DePamphilis, D. M. (2015).Mergers, acquisitions, and other restructuring activities: An integrated approach to process, tools, cases, and solutions. Steinbock, D. (2003).Wireless horizon: Strategy and competition in the worldwide mobile marketplace. New York: AMACON. Fellman, S. (2008).Creating Nordic Capitalism: The business history of a competitive periphery. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Tischer, S. (2012).Measuring the impact of critical incidents on brand personality. Berlin: SFB 649, Economic Risk. Ollila, J., Saukkomaa, H., Powell, R., Ollila, J. (2016).Against all odds: Leading Nokia from near catastrophe to global success. Sharma, M. (January 01, 2016). Services of Mobile Commerce. Martin, N., Rice, J. (January 01, 2013). Spearing High Net Wealth Individuals: The Case of Online Fraud and Mature Age Internet Users.International Journal of Information Security and Privacy (ijisp),7,1, 1-15. Laamanen, T., Lamberg, J.-A., Vaara, E. (January 01, 2016). Explanations of Success and Failure in Management Learning: What Can We Learn From Nokia's Rise and Fall?.Academy of Management Learning Education,15,1, 2-25. Laamanen, T., Lamberg, J.-A., Vaara, E. (March 01, 2016). Explanations of success and failure in management learning: What Canwe learn from nokia's rise and fall?.Academy of Management Learning and Education,15,1, 2-25. Redhead, D. (2004).Electric dreams: Designing for the digital age. London: V A. Rothacher, A. (2004).Corporate cultures and global brands. Singapore: World Scientific Pub.